Surface pollen quantification and floristic survey at Shaheed Chandra Shekhar Azad (SCSA) Bird Sanctuary, Central Ganga Plain, India: a pilot study for the palaeoecological implications

Authors

  • Swati Tripathi Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53, University Road, Lucknow 226007, India
  • Jyoti Srivastava Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53, University Road, Lucknow 226007, India
  • Arti Garg Botanical Survey of India (BSI), Chattam Lines, Allahabad 211002, India
  • Salman Khan Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53, University Road, Lucknow 226007, India
  • Anjum Farooqui Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53, University Road, Lucknow 226007, India
  • Mohd. Firoze Quamar Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53, University Road, Lucknow 226007, India
  • Biswajeet Thakur Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53, University Road, Lucknow 226007, India
  • Parminder Singh Ranhotra Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53, University Road, Lucknow 226007, India
  • Sadhan Kumar Basumatary Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53, University Road, Lucknow 226007, India
  • Anjali Trivedi Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53, University Road, Lucknow 226007, India
  • Shilpa Pandey Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 53, University Road, Lucknow 226007, India
  • Krishnamurthy Anupama French Institute of Pondicherry 11, St. Louis St., Puducherry 605001, India
  • S. Prasad French Institute of Pondicherry 11, St. Louis St., Puducherry 605001, India
  • Navya Reghu French Institute of Pondicherry 11, St. Louis St., Puducherry 605001, India; Manipal Centre for Natural Sciences, Karnataka, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2022.1838

Keywords:

Quantitative Pollen–vegetation relationship, Crackles Protocol, Shaheed Chandra Shekhar Azad (SCSA) Bird Sanctuary, Relative Pollen Productivity, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Accuracy of vegetation reconstruction portraying land cover of the past is based on a careful analysis of pollen production, dispersal and their quantitative deposition. The present attempt to integrate sampling of pollen–vegetation spectrum through Crackles Protocols for vegetation surveys, at three spatial zones with intervals of 0–10 m (A), 10–100 m (B) and 100–1000 m (C) at Shaheed Chandra Shekhar Azaad Bird Sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh with tropical dry deciduous forest, is a maiden approach. In these studies, the standard vegetation survey around the pollen surface sampling sites is prerequisite for quantifying pollen–vegetation relationship in modern analogues of the past. The underlying theory of this approach is based on the fact that the relative pollen productivity (RPP) is constant in space and time within a region or biome. The floristic survey of the sanctuary is integral to this pilot study, Crackles Bequest protocol, and is intrinsic to run the Extended R–Value (ERV) model for obtaining estimates of relative pollen productivities (RPPs) for quantitative palaeoecological interpretations from tropical to subtropical forest covers in northern India. The modern pollen assemblage from surface sediment samples established the dominance of Poaceae pollen, along with those of Acacia, Albizia and Mimosa species. The multivariate principal component analysis (PCA), applied to quantify the data on the survey of different vegetation communities revealed that out of the four identified vegetation communities, community D consisted of herbaceous patches including Ageratum, Parthenium, Rumex, Tephrosia, Eclipta alba, Oxalis, Cannabis and Launea, community B mainly comprised of tree taxa like Terminalia, Barringtonia and Pongamia, whereas the communities A and C represented mixed vegetation comprising of trees, shrubs and herbs. The present maiden analysis through the Crackles Bequest protocol method served as a preliminary step to establish the quantitative ‘pollen–based’ vegetation reconstruction in the Gangetic Plains of Central India and is expected to serve as a model for similar studies in other regions.

सारांश

अतीत के भू-आवरण को चित्रित करने वाले वनस्पति पुनर्निर्माण की सटीकता पराग उत्पादन, फैलाव और उनके मात्रात्मक जमाव के सावधानीपूर्वक विश्लेषण पर आधारित है। शहीद चंद्र शेखर आज़ाद (एससीएसए) पक्षी अभयारण्य, मध्य गंगा मैदान से 0-10 मीटर (ए), 10-100 मीटर (बी) और 100-1000 मीटर (सी) के अंतराल में तीन स्थानिक क्षेत्रों में, वनस्पति सर्वेक्षण के लिए क्रैकल्स प्रोटोकॉल के माध्यम से पराग-वनस्पति स्पेक्ट्रम के नमूने को एकीकृत किया गया। यह भारत के उष्णकटिबंधीय शुष्क पर्णपाती वन से किया गया प्रथम प्रयास था। पुरावनस्पति एवं पुरापारिस्थितिकी को समझने के लिए पराग-वनस्पति संबंधों को निर्धारित करने की आवश्यकता है। आधुनिक सादृश्य को स्थापित करने के लिए पराग सतह नमूना स्थलों के आसपास मानक वनस्पति सर्वेक्षण अनिवार्य है। इस दृष्टिकोण का अंतर्निहित सिद्धांत इस तथ्य पर आधारित है कि सापेक्ष पराग उत्पादकता (आरपीपी) एक क्षेत्र या बायोम में स्थानिक व लौकिक रूप से स्थिर है। अभयारण्य का वनस्पति सर्वेक्षण इस मूल अध्ययन, क्रैकल्स बेक्वेस्ट प्रोटोकॉल का अभिन्न अंग है, और उत्तरी भारत के उष्णकटिबंधीय से उपोष्णकटिबंधीय वनों में मात्रात्मक पुरापारिस्थितिक व्याख्याओं के लिए सापेक्ष पराग उत्पादकता (आरपीपी) के अनुमान प्राप्त करने के लिए विस्तारित आर-वैल्यू (ईआरवी) मॉडल को चलाने के लिए  वास्तविक है।

सतह तलछट के नमूनों से आधुनिक पराग जमाव ने अकेसिया, अल्बिजिया और माइमोसा प्रजातियों के साथ-साथ पोएसी (घास) पराग के प्रभुत्व को स्थापित किया है। विभिन्न वनस्पति समुदायों के सर्वेक्षण पर डेटा की मात्रा निर्धारित करने के लिए लागू बहुभिन्नरूपी प्रमुख घटक विश्लेषण (पीसीए) से पता चला है कि चार पहचाने गए वनस्पति समुदायों में से, समुदाय ‘डी’ में एजेरटम, पार्थेनियम, रुमेक्स, टेफ्रोसिया, एक्लिप्टा अल्बा, ऑक्सलिस, कैनाबिस और लाउनिया सहित गैर-वृक्षीय प्रजातियों के समूह शामिल हैं। समुदाय ‘बी’ में मुख्य रूप से टर्मिनलिया, बैरिंगटोनिया और पोंगामिया जैसी वृक्षीय प्रजातियाँ शामिल हैं, जबकि समुदायों ‘ए’ और ‘सी’ ने पेड़ों, झाड़ियों और जड़ी-बूटियों से युक्त मिश्रित वनस्पति का प्रतिनिधित्व किया। क्रैकल्स बेक्वेस्ट प्रोटोकॉल पद्धति के माध्यम से वर्तमान प्रथम विश्लेषण, मध्य भारत के गंगा के मैदानों में मात्रात्मक 'पराग-आधारित' वनस्पति पुनर्निर्माण स्थापित करने के लिए एक प्रारंभिक कदम है, और अन्य क्षेत्रों में इसी तरह के अध्ययन के लिए यह एक प्रतिमान के रूप में कार्य करेगा।  

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2022-12-30

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Tripathi, S., Srivastava, J., Garg, A., Khan, S. ., Farooqui, A., Quamar, M. F., Thakur, B., Ranhotra, P. S., Basumatary, S. K., Trivedi, A., Pandey, S., Anupama, K., Prasad, S., & Reghu, N. (2022). Surface pollen quantification and floristic survey at Shaheed Chandra Shekhar Azad (SCSA) Bird Sanctuary, Central Ganga Plain, India: a pilot study for the palaeoecological implications. Journal of Palaeosciences, 71(2), 159–176. https://doi.org/10.54991/jop.2022.1838

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